Pengaruh Pemberian Ketamin Dosis Rendah terhadap Penambahan Uterotonika pada Pasien Seksio Sesarea dengan Anestesi Spinal
Abstract
Latar Belakang: Meningkatnya angka kejadian seksio sesarea dikaitkan dengan peningkatan morbiditas dan mortalitas yang disebabkan atonia uteri uterus menjadi penyebab tersering dari perdarahan post partum. Ketamin memiliki mekanisme kerja yang mirip dengan oksitosin, sehingga ketamin dosis rendah digunakan sebagai agen uterotonik tambahan.
Tujuan: Mengetahui perbandingan pemberian ketamin dosis rendah terhadap penambahan uterotonika pada pasien seksio sesarea dengan anestesi spinal.
Subjek dan Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan uji klinis acak terkontrol secara random tersamar ganda. Dua puluh empat sampel penelitian yang menjalani seksio sesarea dengan teknik anestesi spinal dibagi secara acak menjadi dua kelompok dengan proporsi sama sebanyak 12 sampel. Pemberian oksitosin + ketamin 0,2 mg/KgBB pada kelompok K, dan pemberian oksitosin + 2 ml NaCl 0,9 % pada kelompok C. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji statistik independent t-test dan Fisher’s Exact dengan tingkat kemaknaan α=0,05.
Hasil: Pada kelompok K, kadar hemoglobin memiliki nilai mean ± SD 11,9±0,46; nilai hemoglobin (T1) memiliki nilai mean±SD 10,7±0,54. Pada kelompok C, nilai hemoglobin menunjukkan nilai mean±SD 12,1±0,56. Nilai hemoglobin (T1) menunjukkan nilai mean±SD 10,6±0,50. Pemberian uterotonika tambahan lebih banyak pada kelompok C tapi tidak bermakna secara statistik.
Simpulan: Pemberian uterotonika tambahan lebih banyak diberikan pada kelompok C tapi tidak bermakna secara statistik (p>0,05).
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