Manajemen Anestesi Perioperatif pada Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy
Abstract
Acute fatty liver of pregnancy (AFLP) adalah salah satu penyakit hati yang muncul pada kehamilan (terutama pada trimester ketiga) yang jarang namun termasuk ke dalam salah satu kegawataruratan obstetri yang berpotensi terjadinya komplikasi yang fatal yang menyebabkan morbiditas dan mortalitas ibu dan janin. Kelainan ini ditandai dengan akumulasi lemak mikrovesikuler dalam hepatosit. Ciri khas penyakit ini adalah ikterik, koagulopati dan ensefalopati yang disebabkan karena gagal hati akut. Penyebabnya belum diketahui secara pasti, namun dicurigai karena adanya defisiensi rantai panjang 3-hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase (LCHAD) pada ibu. Kriteria klinis Swansea sangat berguna dalam mengenali dan mendiagnosis dini AFLP. Pentingnya pengenalan dini dan manajemen multidisipilin untuk menurunkan mortalitas. Persalinanan segera merupakan kunci untuk mencegah terjadinya perburukan ibu dan kematian intrauterin. Tatalaksana mendasar pada pasien dengan AFLP meliputi persalinan segera, antisipasi dan penanganan suportif terhadap komplikasi gagal hati akut di unit perawatan intensif (ICU), serta pertimbangan untuk melakukan transplantasi hati sebagai opsi terakhir pada kasus gagal hati fulminan. Oleh karena itu, penanganan kondisi ini memerlukan tim medis multidisiplin yang terdiri dari berbagai spesialis di rumah sakit tingkat lanjutan (tersier).
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Jurnal Anestesi Obstetri Indonesia
