The Jurnal Anestesi Obstetri Indonesia (JAOI) recognizes that artificial intelligence (AI) and AI-assisted technologies may support scholarly research and scientific publishing. The journal permits the responsible use of such technologies, provided that their use does not compromise research integrity, scientific accuracy, confidentiality, or publication ethics.

This policy applies to authors, reviewers, and editors involved in the preparation, evaluation, and publication of manuscripts submitted to JAOI.

1. Use of AI by Authors

Authors may use AI-assisted tools to support language editing, grammar correction, translation, organization of ideas, and other appropriate tasks during manuscript preparation.

However, AI tools must not replace the authors' intellectual contributions, critical analysis, interpretation of research findings, or responsibility for the scientific content of the manuscript.

Authors remain fully responsible for the accuracy, originality, integrity, and validity of all submitted content, including material generated or modified using AI tools. Authors must carefully verify any AI-generated text, references, citations, data, images, or other outputs before submission.

AI tools cannot be listed as authors because they cannot assume responsibility for the work, approve the final manuscript, or meet the ethical requirements of authorship.

2. Disclosure of AI Use

Authors must disclose the use of generative AI tools when such tools have contributed to the development of the manuscript's content, analysis, interpretation, or other substantive scholarly work.

The disclosure should identify the AI tool used, describe its purpose, and indicate the relevant part of the manuscript in which it was used.

Routine spelling, grammar correction, and basic language editing that do not generate substantive content may not require disclosure. Authors should follow any additional instructions provided by the journal.

A disclosure statement may be included in the Acknowledgments section or another appropriate section of the manuscript.

Example of an AI disclosure statement:

“During the preparation of this manuscript, the authors used [name of AI tool] for [specific purpose]. The authors reviewed and edited the output and take full responsibility for the accuracy, originality, and integrity of the final manuscript.”

If no generative AI tools were used, authors may state: “The authors did not use generative AI tools in the preparation of this manuscript.”

3. Use of AI in Research and Data Analysis

The use of AI tools in research design, data processing, statistical analysis, image generation, or image processing must be described transparently when relevant to the study.

Authors must explain the role of the AI tool, the methods used, and any necessary validation procedures to ensure the reliability and reproducibility of the findings.

AI-generated or AI-modified data, images, clinical records, or research results must not be presented as genuine observations without appropriate disclosure and scientific justification. Fabrication, falsification, or misleading manipulation of research materials is prohibited.

Authors must ensure that the use of AI complies with applicable research ethics requirements, patient confidentiality obligations, and data protection regulations.

4. Use of AI by Reviewers

Reviewers must not upload or disclose confidential manuscripts, unpublished data, or related editorial materials to publicly accessible AI tools or other services that may compromise confidentiality.

AI tools must not replace the reviewer's independent scientific judgment, critical assessment, or responsibility for the review report. Reviewers remain accountable for the accuracy, fairness, and originality of their comments.

Reviewers must comply with the journal's confidentiality requirements and disclose any use of AI that materially assists in preparing their review when required by the journal.

5. Use of AI by Editors

Editors may use appropriate technological tools to support editorial administration and workflow management, provided that confidentiality, impartiality, and editorial independence are maintained.

AI tools must not independently determine acceptance or rejection of manuscripts. Editorial decisions remain the responsibility of the assigned editor and the Editor-in-Chief.

Editors must not upload confidential manuscript content or sensitive editorial information to AI services that are not authorized for such use.

6. Plagiarism, Accuracy, and Research Integrity

AI-assisted content is subject to the same standards of originality, citation, accuracy, and publication ethics as all other manuscript content.

Authors must verify the authenticity of references and ensure that cited sources exist and support the statements for which they are cited. AI-generated references or unsupported scientific claims must not be included in a manuscript.

The use of AI does not exempt authors from the journal's plagiarism screening, research ethics requirements, or other editorial policies.

7. Violations of This Policy

Failure to disclose substantive AI use, submission of fabricated or misleading AI-generated content, breaches of confidentiality, or other misuse of AI may result in editorial action in accordance with the journal's publication ethics policies.

Depending on the nature and severity of the violation, the journal may request clarification or correction, reject a manuscript, or take further action consistent with applicable publication ethics standards.

8. Policy Updates

JAOI may periodically review and update this policy to reflect developments in AI technology, scholarly publishing standards, and publication ethics guidance.

Authors, reviewers, and editors are expected to comply with the version of this policy applicable to their manuscript or editorial assignment.