Monitoring End-Tidal CO2 pada Wanita Hamil: Fokus pada Keselamatan Pasien

  • Dewi Yulianti Bisri Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran Bandung
  • Tatang Bisri
Keywords: End-Tidal CO2, pemantauan, pasien hamil, keselamatan pasien

Abstract

Pada seksio sesarea, keselamatan pasien adalah menjaga keselamatan ibu dan bayi. Anestesi untuk seksio sesarea dapat dilakukan dengan anestesi umum, anestesi neuraxial atau gabungan spinal-epidural. Keuntungan dari anestesi umum termasuk induksi cepat, keandalan, reproduktifitas, pengendalian, menghindari hipotensi. Sedangkan kelemahan anestesi umum meliputi kemungkinan aspirasi ibu, masalah penatalaksanaan jalan napas, narkotisasi neonatus, dan awarenes ibu. Efek anestesi umum pada bayi adalah karena penyebab fisiologis dan farmakologis. Penyebab fisiologis meliputi hipoventilasi ibu, hiperventilasi ibu dan pengaruh perpanjangan waktu induction-delivery dan uterine incission-delivery yang mempengaruhi aliran darah uteroplacental, sedangkan penyebab farmakologis adalah obat induksi anestesi, obat blokade neuromuskuler, konsentrasi oksigen rendah, N2O dan anestesi inhalasi. Masalah manajemen jalan napas adalah masalah terbesar karena mungkin jalan napas yang sulit pada wanita hamil mengingat adanya kenaikan berat badan dan lingkar leher, leher relatif pendek, dan buah dada membesar. Hipoventilasi akan mengurangi ketegangan oksigen pada ibu dan pada gilirannya akan menyebabkan perubahan asam-basa neonatal atau depresi biokimia. Hiperventilasi ibu juga dapat menimbulkan potensi bahaya pada janin selama anestesi umum dengan mengurangi tekanan oksigen janin. Kesimpulannya, pemasangan kapnograf pada ibu hamil yang dilakukan dengan seksio sesarea dengan anestesi umum mutlak diperlukan untuk memeriksa keberhasilan intubasi dan menentukan end-tidal CO2.

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Author Biography

Dewi Yulianti Bisri, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran Bandung

Department Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung

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CROSSMARK
Published
2024-11-21
DIMENSIONS
Section
Literature Review

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